Computer Networking Topology
There are different topologies in which computer can be connected to one another. The
network topology defines the way in which computers, printers, and other devices are connected.
A network topology describes the layout of the wire and devices as well as the paths used by data
transmissions.
network topology defines the way in which computers, printers, and other devices are connected.
A network topology describes the layout of the wire and devices as well as the paths used by data
transmissions.
1. Bus topology
Commonly referred to as a linear bus, all the devices on a bus topology are connected by
one single cable. The main problem faced in implementing this topology is the fact that only one
communication channel exists to serve the entire network. As a result, if this channel fails, the
whole network will go out of operation
one single cable. The main problem faced in implementing this topology is the fact that only one
communication channel exists to serve the entire network. As a result, if this channel fails, the
whole network will go out of operation
Advantages of Bus topology
1. It is easy to handle and implement.
2. It is best suited for small networks.
3. Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a linear bus
4. Requires less cable length than mesh or star topologies.
5. It is cheaper than any other topologies
2. It is best suited for small networks.
3. Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a linear bus
4. Requires less cable length than mesh or star topologies.
5. It is cheaper than any other topologies
Disadvantages of Bus topology
1. The cable length is limited. This limits the number of stations that can be connected.
2. This network topology can perform well only for a limited number of nodes
3. If the network cable breaks, the entire network will be down.
4. Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.
5. Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.
6. Not meant to be used as a stand-alone solution in a large building.
7. Include difficult reconnection and fault isolation.
8. The managing cost of network is too high.
9. Addition of new devices requires modification or replacement of the backbone.
2. This network topology can perform well only for a limited number of nodes
3. If the network cable breaks, the entire network will be down.
4. Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.
5. Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.
6. Not meant to be used as a stand-alone solution in a large building.
7. Include difficult reconnection and fault isolation.
8. The managing cost of network is too high.
9. Addition of new devices requires modification or replacement of the backbone.
Star and Tree Topology
The star topology is the most commonly used architecture in Ethernet LANs. Largernetworks use the extended star topology also called tree topology. When used with network devices that
filter frames or packets, like bridges, switches, and routers, this topology significantly reduces the
traffic on the wires by sending packets only to the wires of the destination host.
Advantages of star and tree topology
1. Due to its centralized nature, the topology offers simplicity of operation.2. It also achieves an isolation of each device in the network.
3. Easy to install and reconfigure.
4. No disruptions to the network when connecting or removing devices.
5. Easy to detect faults and to remove parts.
6. Less expensive.
7. Includes robustness, that is, if one link fails, only that link is affected, other links remain active.
8. Easy to install and reconfigure.
9. No disruptions to the network when connecting or removing devices.
10. Easy to detect faults and to remove parts.
11. Less expensive.
12. Includes robustness, that is, if one link fails, only that link is affected, other links remain active.
Disadvantages of star and tree topology
1. The network operation depends on the functioning of the central hub. Hence, the failure of
the central hub leads to the failure of the entire network.
2. If the hub, switch, or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled.
3. Requires more cable length than a bus topology.
4. More expensive than bus topologies because of the cost of the hubs, etc.
The mesh topology connects all devices (nodes) to each other for redundancy and fault tolerance.
It is used in WANs to interconnect LANs and for mission critical networks like those used by
banks and financial institutions. Implementing the mesh topology is expensive and difficult.
node to many other nodes at the same time.
2. Eliminates traffic problems in links sharing.
3. If one link becomes unusable, it does not incapacitate the entire system. Thus, act as robust.
4. It has privacy and security.
5. Point-to-point link make fault identification and fault isolation easy
2. The hardware required to connect each link (I/O ports and cable) is expensive.
3. It is generally too costly and complex for practical networks.
4. The arrangement wherein every network node is connected to every other node of the
network, many of the connections serve no major purpose. This leads to the redundancy of
many of the network connections.
the central hub leads to the failure of the entire network.
2. If the hub, switch, or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled.
3. Requires more cable length than a bus topology.
4. More expensive than bus topologies because of the cost of the hubs, etc.
Mesh Topology
The mesh topology connects all devices (nodes) to each other for redundancy and fault tolerance.It is used in WANs to interconnect LANs and for mission critical networks like those used by
banks and financial institutions. Implementing the mesh topology is expensive and difficult.
Advantages of mesh topology
1. The arrangement of the network nodes is such that it is possible to transmit data from onenode to many other nodes at the same time.
2. Eliminates traffic problems in links sharing.
3. If one link becomes unusable, it does not incapacitate the entire system. Thus, act as robust.
4. It has privacy and security.
5. Point-to-point link make fault identification and fault isolation easy
Disadvantages of mesh topology
1. Installation and reconnection are difficult.2. The hardware required to connect each link (I/O ports and cable) is expensive.
3. It is generally too costly and complex for practical networks.
4. The arrangement wherein every network node is connected to every other node of the
network, many of the connections serve no major purpose. This leads to the redundancy of
many of the network connections.
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